Polyester Filament Yarn – A Brief Overview
Polyester Filament Yarn has been on of the good textile products in greater demand due to its tensile capacity. Many products right from fabrics to hosiery and also some home textiles products.
Let me first begin with the manufacturing of filament yarn and then polyester which are amalgamated by a process. Partially oriented tow or partially oriented yarn is made by winding the filament-receiving cylinder winds at a speed slightly higher than the speed of extrusion. Filaments from a large number of spinning positions are collected to form tow, which can later be cut into staple. If the fiber is to be used as continuous filament yarn, the filaments are wound onto metal cylinders, paper tubes, or bobbins. The diameter, or fineness, of spun yarn, filament yarn, or monofilament is designated by the term denier, which is the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of yarn or filament. Yarns for apparel and home furnishings usually have deniers ranging from 80 to 160.
Polyester Fiber spinning and drawing equipment can usually be used to produce other melt-spun fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, with relatively minor modification. Waste polyester polymer or fiber is sold, reprocessed, burned, or buried, depending largely on the purity. Some of the leading licensors of polyester fiber technology are Zimmer, DuPont/Chemtex, Inventa, Karl-Fischer, and NOY. Polyester fibers are produced by extruding molten polyethylene terephthalate (PET) through a metal plate or thimble with fine holes called a spinnerette (“spinning”). Next, the fibers are drawn to further orient the polymer molecules, and to adjust the tensile strength, elongation, modulus, dyeability, and other physical properties of the fiber. The fibers are further processed by draw-twisting, draw-texturizing, spin-drawing, crimping, coiling, and looping.
China, USA and West Europe have been major polyester importing countries in the last 3 years. On an average China imported close to 950 thousand tons of polyester in the last 3 years (2002-2004), which was about 10% of China annual consumption. Similarly, USA and West Europe imported around 500-600 thousand tons, which met 30% and 40% of their consumption respectively. Among exporters, Taiwan and Korea are large polyester exporters with close to 700-900 thousand tons of exports in last three years. To a smaller extent, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia exported about 200-300 thousand tons of polyester a year in the last three years. USA too has exported around 700 thousand tons of polyester per annum during 2002 – 2006.
About the Author
YarnsandFibers.com is the largest textile portal in the world. It also has a large collections of buyers, suppliers and traders of yarns and fibers.
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